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Dinesh O. Shah
Professor Emeritus
Ph.D., 1965, Columbia University (1970)
Interfacial phenomena in engineering and biomedical systems
Molecular association in micelles, liquid crystals and
microemulsions
Nanoparticles for superconductors and magnetic materials
Enzymic reactions at interfaces
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Faculty Web Page - Research
Interests, Educational Background, Professional Experience, Honors & Awards,
Consulting Services, Short Courses, Publications
Brief Description of Current Research
Our research projects are in three major areas: biomedical, surfactant
solutions and advanced materials. In the biomedical area, we investigate surface
chemical aspects of polymer adsorption on contact lenses in relation to
biolubrication and comfort in the eyes. We also study transdermal diffusion of
local anesthestics.
 In
various engineering processes such as cleaning, lubrication or dispersions, the
adsorption of surfactants at the interface is very important. The molecular
aggregates of surfactants are commonly known as micelles. We have shown that the
lifetime of micelles is related to their stability. The more stable micelles
lead to decreased flux when a new surface is created. Thus, we have shown that
the micelle stability significantly influences the foaming, droplet size in
emulsions, wetting of textile fibers, and the rate of solubilization of oil in
detergent solutions.
Nanoparticles of superconductors and magnetic materials can be produced using
microemulsion processing. Here, the micro droplets of water can be used as
microreactors. Two identical microemulsions containing different reactants are
mixed together so as to produce nanoparticles upon collision and coalescence of
micro droplets. The precipitation reaction leads to the formation of
nanoparticles in these microreactors. We have further shown that such
nanopowders when used as the raw material can produce high density
superconductors which exhibit superior levitation due to greater Meissner
effect. The magnetic flux does not go through such dense superconductors. We
have further shown using electron microscopy that the grain-size is considerably
larger in the nanoparticle derived samples as compared to the conventionally
prepared samples. The research of our group has been supported by the National
Science Foundation and Electric Power Research Institute as well as by several
industrial companies (Alcon Laboratories, Alcoa, Kimberly-Clark, Kraft, Procter
& Gamble Company).
Major Equipment
- Brookhaven quasielastic light scattering spectrometer
- Langmuir film balance
- Contact angle goniometer
- Perkin-Elmer fluorescence spectrophotometer
- Pressure-jump, temperature-jump and stopped-flow instruments
Selected Publications
- “Importance of Dynamic Surface Tension to the Residual Water Content of
Fabrics”, Carter, Daniel L.; Draper, Matthew C.; Peterson, Rachel N.; Shah,
Dinesh O., Langmuir (to appear, 2005)
- “Self-assembled Gemini surfactant film-mediated dispersion stability”,
Rabinovich, Y. I.; Kanicky, J. R.; Pandey, S.; Oskarsson, H.; Holmberg, K.;
Moudgil, B. M.; Shah, D. O., Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,
Vol. 288(2), 583-590 (2005)
- “Removal of non-ionic organic pollutants from water via liquid-liquid
extraction”, Lopez-Montilla, Juan C.; Pandey, Samir; Shah, Dinesh O.;
Crisalle, Oscar D., Water Research, Vol. 39(9), 1907-1913 (2005).
- “The role of surface tension on the residual water content of fabrics”,
Carter, D. L.; Shah, D. O.. Carter, D. L.; Shah, D. O., Journal of
Surfactants and Detergents, Vol. 8(1), 91-94 (2005).
- “Surfactants and protocols to induce spontaneous emulsification and
enhance detergency”, Lopez-Montilla, Juan C.; James, Monica A.; Crisalle,
Oscar D.; Shah, Dinesh O., Journal of Surfactants and Detergents,
Vol. 8(1), 45-53 (2005).
- “Kinetics of the self-assembly of gemini surfactants”, Groth, C.; Nyden,
M.; Holmberg, K.; Kanicky, J. R.; Shah, D. O., Journal of Surfactants and
Detergents, Vol. 7(3), 247-255 (2004)
- “Activity of microemulsion-based nanoparticles at the human bio-nano
interface: concentration-dependent effects on thrombosis and hemolysis in
whole blood”, Morey, Timothy E.; Varshney, Manoj; Flint, Jason A.; Seubert,
Christoph N.; Smith, W. Brit; Bjoraker, David G.; Shah, Dinesh O.; Dennis,
Donn M., Journal of Nanoparticle Research, Vol. 6(2-3), 159-170
(2004).
- “Pluronic Microemulsions as Nanoreservoirs for Extraction of Bupivacaine
from Normal Saline”, Varshney, Manoj; Morey, Timothy E.; Shah, Dinesh O.;
Flint, Jason A.; Moudgil, Brij M.; Seubert, Christoph N.; Dennis, Donn M.,
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 126(16), 5108-5112
(2004).
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